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sdiy:electrical_std [2026-04-26 Sun 19:39] theorytoesdiy:electrical_std [2026-04-26 Sun 19:41] (current) theorytoe
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 Generally, line-level signals sit in the middle of the hierarchy of signal levels in audio engineering. There are weaker signals, such as those from microphones (Mic Level/Microphone Level) and instrument pickups (Instrument Level), and stronger signals, such as those used to drive headphones and loudspeakers (Speaker Level). The strength of these various signals does not necessarily refer to the output voltage of the source device; it also depends on its output impedance and output power capability.  Generally, line-level signals sit in the middle of the hierarchy of signal levels in audio engineering. There are weaker signals, such as those from microphones (Mic Level/Microphone Level) and instrument pickups (Instrument Level), and stronger signals, such as those used to drive headphones and loudspeakers (Speaker Level). The strength of these various signals does not necessarily refer to the output voltage of the source device; it also depends on its output impedance and output power capability. 
  
-[{{electrical_std-20260426-193421.png | Voltage vs. time of sine waves at reference and line levels, with VRMS, VPK, and VPP marked for the +4dBu line level.}}]+[{{electrical_std-20260426-193421.png?width=550px |Voltage vs. time of sine waves at reference and line levels, with VRMS, VPK, and VPP marked for the +4dBu line level.}}]
  
 A line level describes a line's nominal signal level as a ratio, expressed in decibels, against a standard reference voltage. The nominal level and the reference voltage against which it is expressed depend on the line level being used. While the nominal levels themselves vary, only two reference voltages are common: decibel volts (dBV) for consumer applications, and decibels unloaded (dBu) for professional applications. A line level describes a line's nominal signal level as a ratio, expressed in decibels, against a standard reference voltage. The nominal level and the reference voltage against which it is expressed depend on the line level being used. While the nominal levels themselves vary, only two reference voltages are common: decibel volts (dBV) for consumer applications, and decibels unloaded (dBu) for professional applications.
sdiy/electrical_std.1777232372.txt.gz · Last modified: by theorytoe